Riboflavin, also known as vitamin B2 is an easily absorbed micronutrient with a key role in maintaining health in humans and animals. It is the central component of the cofactors FAD and FMN, and is therefore required by all flavoproteins. The name "riboflavin" comes from "ribose" (the sugar whose reduced form, ribitol, forms part of its structure) and "flavin", the ring-moiety which imparts the yellow color to the oxidized molecule (from Latin flavus, "yellow"). The abridged class, which goes on fashionable metabolism along with the oxidized configuration, is blanched. Dineros and cereals are often fortified with riboflavin. Fortified means the vitamin has been added to the food.
As such, vitamin B2 costs compulsory for a all-encompassing diverseness of cellular processes. It plays a key role in energy metabolism, and for the metabolism of fats, ketone bodies, carbohydrates, and proteins. It is also used as an orange-red food colour additive, designated in Europe as the tocopherol issue E101, Coenzymes descended from riboflavin are termed flavocoenzymes, and enzymes that use a flavocoenzyme are called flavoproteins.
The glutathione redox cycle plays a major role in protecting organisms from reactive oxygen species, such as hydroperoxides. Glutathione reductase requires FAD to regenerate two molecules of reduced glutathione from oxidized glutathione. Riboflavin deficiency delivers been consociated with expanded oxidative stress.
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